Journal of medical microbiology 2014, 63, 14071410 doi 10. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection genetic and rare. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a general. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging multidrugresistant opportunistic pathogen with an increasing incidence of nosocomial and communityacquired infection cases, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. Communityacquired stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. Successful treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia meningitis in a preterm baby boy. Multidrug resistant strains are associated with very high rate of morbidity and mortality in severely immunocompromised patients. Treatment of invasive infections caused by this organism is difficult as the bacterium is frequently resistant to a wide range of commonly used antimicrobials. Colistin is among the secondline options in case of difficulttotreat s. Emerging disease patterns and challenges for treatment.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been increasingly reported as a nosocomial opportunistic pathogen in debilitated patients, including burn patients. In some cases, the infection may be lifethreatening, and an infectious disease specialist will need to be brought in to choose the. The chart showing pdf series, word series, html series, scan qr codes. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia spondylodiscitis following. Based on a metaanalysis of nonrandomized studies, fluoroquinolones demonstrated comparable effects on mortality of s. Nosocomial bacteremia, prior antibiotic therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, and neutropenia were clinical char acteristics associated with cvcrelated s. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia produces spherical gold nanoparticles by the reduction of gold chloride haucl4 46, and the cell free extract of rhodopseudomonas capsulata is used to fabricate gold nanoparticles and gold nanowires by the in vitro reduction of gold ions 47.
Chung dr, peck kr, kim es, lee js, son js, lee ny, song jh. Stenotrophomonas xanthomonas maltophilia is a nonfer. Review did not identify any evidence on effectiveness of antibiotic treatment for stenotrophomonas maltophilia in people with cystic fibrosis, therefore until such evidence becomes available. Antimicrobial therapy for stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was recovered from 15 cases of ocular infection, at a rate of one in every 39 ocular specimens in the 1970s, one in 4 in the 1980s, and one in 363 in the 1990s through 1995.
Antibiotic treatment for stenotrophomonas maltophilia in. The organism was the predominant isolate in five cases and was part of a polybacterial infection in the remaining 10 cases. After a further transient improvement, the cell count increased again, which is why it was decided the removal of the peritoneal catheter and definitive transfer to. Fiftyone clinical stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates were obtained from patients with nosocomial infection in the surgical wards and icus of six general. Stenotrophomonas bacteremia antibiotic susceptibility and. Initially classified as bacterium bookeri, then renamed pseudomonas maltophilia, s. Antimicrobial susceptibility of hospital acquired stenotrophomonas. Antimicrobial therapy for stenotrophomonas maltophilia. A 60yearold man began receiving capd therapy in 1994. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia previously pseudomonas maltophilia and.
The time lapse between the fire and the infections represents a challenge since s. Successful treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia soft tissue infection with tigecycline. Fluoroquinolones versus trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole for the treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a general stenotrophomonas maltophilia nosocomial pneumonia due to its hospital. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia susceptibility to ceftazidime. Although the pooled analysis of overall studies favoured fluoroquinolones over trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, the studies included were. Here, we present a 48yearold immunocompetent male who, following a lumbar microdiscectomy, developed postoperative spondylodiscitis due to s. Current and potential treatment options for stenotrophomonas. In addition to its classic association with pulmonary infections, s. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia an overview sciencedirect topics. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates and their core. Infections caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia in. Transfer of pseudomonas maltophilia hugh 1981 to the genus.
Successful treatment of multiresistant stenotrophomonas maltophilia meningitis with ciprofloxacin in a preterm infant. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a commensal and an emerging pathogen. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is difficult to treat due to the production of multiple intrinsic and acquired mechanisms of resistance. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia peritonitis in capd patients. Intrinsic multidrug resistance and propensity to form biofilms make s. Twelve of these ltrs have been treated with antibiotics, while 6 were managed without treatment. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection among young. It is a bacterium that can be present in almost any aquatic or humid environment and may persist for extended periods in such locations. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrugresistant opportunistic pathogen with increasing prevalence and high morbidity and mortality. Treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections is problematic because of their increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics.
It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia is very rare. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a general hospital. Antibiotics free fulltext in vitro synergism of colistin. Sep 12, 2019 stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging multidrugresistant global opportunistic pathogen.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia an overview sciencedirect. Jul 19, 20 antibiotic treatment for stenotrophomonas maltophilia in people with cystic fibrosis source. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia can present as bacteremia, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, soft tissue and wound infections, bone and joint infections, meningitis, and endocarditis especially in immunosuppressed patients and those with underlying medical conditions. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia s maltophilia is a nonfermenting, gramnegative bacillus which in recent years, has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen in human host.
Treatment of recurrent stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, formerly known as pseudomonas or xanthomonas maltophilia, is an aerobic, glucose nonfermentative, gramnegative bacillus 14 that is frequently isolated from water, soil, animals, plant materials and hospital equipment. Two months ago, a 48yearold male underwent a lumbar l4. Evaluation of treatment outcomes for stenotrophomonas. May 01, 2020 stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important cause of hospitalacquired infections in immunocompromised patients and in patients with cystic fibrosis or hospitalized in intensive care units. Mar 18, 2020 chronic infection with stenotrophomonas maltophilia has recently been shown to be an independent predictor of pulmonary exacerbation requiring hospitalization and antibiotics. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to trimethoprim. Fluoroquinolones versus trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole for the. Mar 03, 2007 stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen capable of causing respiratory, bloodstream, and urinary infections. We retrospectively studied the characteristics and outcome of patients with any type of s. However, the role of antibiotic treatment of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in people with cystic fibrosis is still unclear. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection among young children. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a lifethreatening nosocomial pathogen with profound multidrugresistant attributes.
Fluoroquinolones versus trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole for. To determine if the number of ocular infections associated with stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasing, to identify predisposing factors, and to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility. Review of the medical records of patients admitted to a large cancer center with cultures yielding s maltophilia from urinary sources during a 15month period. To report a case of recurrent stenotrophomonas maltophilia ventilatorassociated pneumonia vap that was successfully treated with doxycycline and aerosolized colistin. Isolation of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in asymptomatic. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, previously known as xanthomonas. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, once regarded as an organism of low virulence, has evolved as a significant opportunistic pathogen causing severe human. In the immunocompromised host, increasing prevalence and severity of illness is observed, particularly opportunistic bloodstream infections and pneumonia syndromes.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an opportunistic pathogen, has risen to prominence during the last few years. Characteristics of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment against multidrug resistant s. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging opportunistic bacterium, which represents the third gramnegative responsible for nosocomial infections 1,2,3. Treatment of recurrent stenotrophomonas maltophilia ventilatorassociated pneumonia with doxycycline and aerosolized colistin g christopher wood, pharmd bcps fccp, elizabeth l underwood, pharmd, martin a croce, md, joseph m swanson, pharmd bcps, and timothy c fabian, md. Based upon drug susceptibility testing, the primary treatment of choice for s. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a bacteria found in moist environments and plumbing systems and is the cause of a wide range of illnesses such as bacteremia, pulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, as well as several others. It increasingly causes nosocomial human infections particularly among patients who are immunosuppressed and have an underlying debilitating medical condition 7, 10, 12, 1517. Frontiers genomic potential of stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Oral infection caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Activity of potential alternative treatment agents for. Pdf stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous organism. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia urinary tract infection is usually associated with a severe clinical course.
Tmpsmx can continue to be the first choice for the treatment of s. Jul 24, 2015 stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important nosocomial bacterial pathogen, as is pseudomonas aeruginosa. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole tmpsmz and the fluoroquinolones have traditionally been considered the drugs of choice but are plagued by increasing resistance and adverse drug effects. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia initially classified as pseudomonas maltophilia, later xenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, gramnegative bacillus.
Recently, the incidence of infections caused by this organism has increased, particularly in patients with hematological malignancy and in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation hsct having neutropenia, mucositis, diarrhea. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging global opportunistic pathogen, responsible for a wide range of human infections, including respiratory tract infections. Article information, pdf download for stenotrophomonas maltophilia peritonitis in capd patients. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bloodstream infection in patients with. Bacteremia due to stenotrophomonas xanthomonas maltophilia. The opportunistic pathogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The animal received a 12day course of treatment with intramuscular administration of ampicillin and corticosteroids. Jul 08, 2011 colonies of stenotrophomonas maltophilia on macconkey agar, incubation period 3 days at 3035c dr. P270 stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in a bronchiectasis. We describe the case of a man in his 30s with bcell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who presented. Oct 25, 2018 belvisi v, fabietti p, del borgo c, marocco r, di vincenzo e, soscia f, et al. Management of stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia urinary tract infections in.
There is, however, only one published report in english that discusses s. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an emerging pathogen in newborns. Falagas me, kastoris ac, vouloumanou ek, dimopoulos g. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is acquiring increasing importance as a nosocomial pathogen. Frontiers infections caused by stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Abstract stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as. Stenotrophomonas xanthomonas maltophilia urinary tract. An evaluation of biofield treatment on susceptibility pattern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activities of 12. However, welldocumented cases of urinary tract infection with this organism have rarely been reported.
Genomic potential of stenotrophomonas maltophilia in. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of unique stenotrophomonas. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a highly versatile species with useful. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, gramnegative bacterium. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was recovered from 15 cases of ocular.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, gramnegative bacillus that causes various nosocomial and communityacquired infections in immunocompromised hosts. Risk factors associated with stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Jun 22, 2016 the gram negative bacterium stenotrophomonas is rapidly evolving as a nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Therapeutic options for stenotrophomonas maltophilia. P270 stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in a bronchiectasis cohort. Stenotrophomonas xanthomonas maltophilia has emerged as a causative agent of serious nosocomial infections. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nonfermentative gramnegative bacillus that is joining its microbiological counterparts, pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii, as a multidrugresistant opportunistic pathogen with high morbidity and mortality. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole tmp sxt is recommended as the agent of choice for the treatment of s. The clinical course of infection was usually severe. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous organism associated with opportunistic infections. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causing early onset neonatal sepsis. Differentiation of these bacteria as bacteremic agents is critical in the clinical setting and to define a therapeutic strategy. Communityacquired infection due to stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
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