Profiling constitutes unlawful discrimination and it perpetuates and reinforces discriminatory attitudes and behavior and xenophobia. The profiles were created based on 11 theoreticallygrounded cps skills defined a priori. The ability to detect anomalous behavior based on purchase, usage and other transactional behavior information has made data mining a key tool in variety of organizations to detect fraudulent claims, inappropriate. Racial profiling 1771 words research paper example.
Over 50 federal agencies are using or planning to use data matching and data mining, in a total of 199 programs, some of which are aimed at locating potential terrorists. Data mining to bring out previously unknown patterns from vast data stores and then. The majority of the papers focused on instances of discrimination related to. Dalam paper ini membahas teknik prediktif mining yang dapat digunakan dalam dunia keseshatan, dan juga membahas beberapa penelitian yang menggunakan data mining dalam dunia kesehatan. Rules extracted from databases by data mining techniques, such as. Racial profiling studies in law enforcement minnesota house of.
The article uses evidence from the boston police department to come up with concrete arguments. Data mining and profiling data mining techniques have been studied since the 1990s and have become effective tools for addressing realworld problems. With numerous cases on racial profiling, many people in america believe that this act is a serious and continuous problem, even in the 21 st century with a black president, barack obama, in charge. This assignment will explore criminal profiling, a highprofile issue facing law enforcement. Police stops based on ethnic profiling can curtail a persons right to freedom of movement. It is partly because of this ambiguity that discussions about racial profiling are often so confusing and controversial. Mc donald however believes that whatever is termed as racial profiling is but a myth and collection of data on disproportionate arrest of minorities might lead to a slack on enforcement policies. National racial profiling reports as concerns about racial profiling have been raised around the country, several organizations have prepared reports on the subject. Nov 24, 2016 criminal profiling and racial profiling.
These tasks depend on the persons objectives in analyzing the data. Racial equity in algorithmic criminal justice core. However, racial profiling has been identified in a range of different policing practices and contexts, including mass controls in public places, stop and search and identity checks, sweeps of buses and trains, and data mining and raids on places of worship, businesses and organisations. May 26, 2018 free racial profiling in america sample essay introduction. If you would like this paper removed from our website, please contact us via our contact us page. The role of data protection law and nondiscrimination law in group profiling in the private sector. Racial profiling is a typical concern and a continuing problem in the united states. By adopting this position paper, the bccla commits to a multifaceted strategy to denounce and help eliminate racial profiling in canada. Look for the list of 106 racial profiling essay topics at 2021. Addressing racial profiling defining racial profiling racial profiling is broadly defined as the suspicion of people based on race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender or other immutable characteristics, rather than on evidencebased suspicious behavior.
The data set that resulted from these efforts included a total of 540,760 traffic stop incidents. Sample annotated bibliography paper on racial profiling. Phd thesis in data mining no matter if you ask us to do my math homework for me or do my programming homework, our homework helpers are always available to phd thesis in data mining provide the best homework solutions. Racial profiling after september 11 essay 1032 words 5 pages. Some arguments raised by the authors of the articles lack credibility while others do. University of michiganflint department of public safety. Racial profiling is a continuous, concerning problem in the united states of america. Mar 31, 2017 society is increasingly relying on data driven predictive models for automated decision making. Racial profiling harms individual canadians and distorts the functioning of our democracy. And data mining can give us better knowledge to make better decision. This sample paper on sample annotated bibliography paper on racial profiling was uploaded by one our contributors and does not necessarily reflect how our professionals write our papers. Data matching, data mining, and due process by daniel j. They consider the effectiveness of racial profiling, deter mining that, in fact, the evidence shows that racial profiling is both ineffective and inefficient.
This paper describes the automatic design of methods for detecting fraudulent behavior. Police officers tend to apply racial profiling by relying solely on an individuals race, ethnicity, religion, or national. The terms, criminal profiling and racial profiling are often confused and confusing to many individuals. The issue of racial profiling has been brought into sharp focus in the immigration arena by passage of state laws such as arizonas s. May 25, 2018 a racial profiling essay may require a student, among other things, to discuss the origin, prevalence or effects of racial profiling in a given country. The enjoyment of a number of other human rights is also negatively impacted by ethnic profiling. Effects on police morale, arrests, and crime rates. Accordingly it does not examine profi ling in other functions such as data mining, legal resident checks or identity checks. Racial profiling is the act of linking particular racial or ethnic groups to acts of crime.
This project study will introduce the detail of our working, including data preprocessing, exploratory data analysis, predictive model construction, result analysis. Racial profiling is the practice of extrapolating extending the knowledge or stereotypes about the traits or behavior patterns. Economists are developing new models of racial profiling to test whether the data. On the other hand, criminal profiling depends on information about or the actual behavior of a suspect or suspected activity by a person who meets the criteria or. Racial profiling centre for crime and justice studies. Examples include subprime mortgages targeting vulnerable consumers with worse deals based on racial and economic profiling. It is usually paired with potentially negative action. Racial profiling essay examples free research papers on. Because of americas past and present discrimination, data about race, ethnicity, immigration status, and gender identity are encoded in many other aspects of a. The research and data on racial profiling has grown markedly over the. Capstone project guidelines pdf 3828 words 16 pages. How to correctly collect and analyze racial profiling data. Pdf discrimination prevention in data mining for intrusion and. The resulting four profiles correlated in expected directions with intask performance and had interesting.
Racial profiling essays free examples, topics, titles. Moreover, without a check, as though it has been extended to issues such as argentina and chile. An analysis of racial profiling and the consequences of profiling based upon race. A resource guide on racial profiling data collection systems.
In this paper, we present a general methodology for building comprehensive behavior pro. Feb 05, 2019 background big data analytics such as credit scoring and predictive analytics offer numerous opportunities but also raise considerable concerns, among which the most pressing is the risk of discrimination. Here is a sample essay that discusses racial profiling in the united states. The guide comprises many examples and case studies in order to illustrate police practices and operations that have produced both negative and positive results. The problem here is that the individual is judged suspected based on hisher belonging to this group rather than based on what is known about the individual. Apr 21, 2019 racial profiling is not the same as criminal profiling. Data mining has been used very successfully in aiding the prevention and early detection of medical insurance fraud. Feb 21, 2019 racial profiling is irrational, unjust, and unproductive, but one thing it is not is unamerican. This data is secondary data that has been analyzed previously by this specific police department to examine a variety of issues pertaining to racial profiling. Issues and methodology page 3 1 police to gather race data. An examination of racial profiling data in a large. It occurs on a daily basis, in cities and states all over the country. This guide will focus on ethnic profiling in the context of the exercise of police powers to stop and search people.
Racial profiling is a disproportionate law enforcement exercises targeting a given racial group for investigation parker par. For others, including their exposure to stressors and problem solving strategies. The american population comprises of several ethnic groups, with whites being the majority. Although this issue has been examined before, a comprehensive study on this topic is still lacking. A quantitative assessment of racial and gender bias encoded in the data analytics model of the correctional offender management profiling for alternative sanctions compas by yubin li. This is a reliable source on racial profiling carried out by the police. In this paper, the notion of discriminatory classification rules is introduced and studied. Data mining to bring out previously unknown patterns from vast data stores and then apply this info to build predictive frameworks healthcare providers. The paper will, however, offer some recommendations on possible ways to carry out research on racial profiling and monitor police activities in order to identify racial profiling practices. Behavioral profiling is used by especially seedy companies to target a variety of financial and economic scams at vulnerable populations most likely to fall prey to their offers 3. Relying on data mining and entropybased techniques.
From the american civil liberties union, racial profiling refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individuals race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. Despite these efforts, however, relatively few data sets are complete, accurate, and available for analysis glaser, 2003. A capstone paper submitted to johns hopkins university in conformity with the requirements for the degree of master of science in government analytics. Most of the minority groups in the country consist of migrants and their generations.
The entire process involves discriminating the people of color using private security practices in various sectors, such as government departments, police, and airline. Nov 28, 2009 read this philosophy essay and over 89,000 other research documents. Finally, they argue that the demonstrated ineffective and unjust nature of racial profiling demands that it be rejected, and that a proactive, enforceable ban on its use be enacted. Legal and constitutional issues congressional research service summary racial profiling is the practice of targeting individuals for police or security detention based on their race or ethnicity in the belief that certain minority groups are more likely to engage in unlawful behavior. The article offers sound arguments which are premised on statistics about the problem of racial profiling in the police department. This may happen even if the computing process is fair and wellintentioned. Free racial profiling research paper, with outline. B the concept and development of profiling 1 profilingthere is not one universally accepted and utilized definition for profiling. Discriminatory consequences of data mining were mainly attributed to human. Yes, we have a pool of multiple homework helpers who have done masters in a specific degree.
The term racial profiling, on the other hand, is a relatively new term and, thus, there is not yet a clear consensus on its meaning. How algorithms discriminate based on data they lack. In order to provide an overview of the current landscape on racial profiling, we discuss below a number of these reports which focus on data collection and analysis issues. We also have multilingual phd thesis in data mining homework helpers so if. Pdf automated data collection has fostered the use of data mining for intrusion and. In order to prevent discrimination, as the document points out, the construction of profiles from. In particular, we combine data mining and constructive induction with more standard machine learning techniques to design methods for detecting fraudulent usage of cellular telephones based on profiling customer behavior. The aim of this study is to synthesize legal arguments and research findings relating to ethno racial profiling in the field of antiterrorist policies and legal instruments.
In this technique the goal is to explore the data without any idea of what we are looking for. The ultimate goal is to formulate guidelines and recommendations for the. Paul, minneapolis addressing question of bias in traffic stops. Racial and ethnic profiling, defined as a reliance by law enforcement, security and. Bc civil liberties association racial profiling position. The fact sheet will enhance the capacity of enar members to develop mechanisms to document and. Pdf combining data mining and machine learning for. The issue is racial profiling and thats something were going to have to deal with as a country. Racial profiling is a popular method used by law officers in order to hypothetically enhance crime prevention by targeting minorities. Pdf ethnicity and racebased profiling in counterterrorism. Points of view or opinions contained in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily.
Racial profiling essay introduction perfect papers. Racial profiling is defined as the use of race or ethnicity for suspecting someone of committed an offense. For my analysis of the compas algorithm, see infra notes 33538 and. How big data enables economic harm to consumers, especially. Measuring discrimination in algorithmic decision making. The purposes of this paper are to discuss the history of racial profiling. This paper discusses how to clean training datasets and outsourced datasets in. This article concerns governmental actions based upon computerized data matching comparison of records and data mining profiling.
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